MES, Vol. 2 No. 1, 2026, pp.83-104.
Print ISSN: 3078-316X; Online ISSN: 3104-5057
Journal homepage: https://www.hyjyyj.com
DOI：
新中国水产高等教育的建设与发展
宁 波（Ning Bo），郭新丽（Guo Xinli）
摘要: 1949年中华人民共和国成立以后，新中国政府高度重视水产高等教育，陆续建立起以上海水产学院、舟山水产学院、大连水产学院、湛江水产学院等独立建制的水产本科高等学府为主体，综合性高校、海洋高校、农业高校、研究院所等共同参与的水产高等教育体系。20世纪五六十年代，上海水产学院、山东海洋学院学习苏联水产高等教育经验，面向行业逐步建立了比较完整的水产高等教育体系，为中国水产高等教育奠定基础。1949—1989年，中国水产业经过40年发展，中国的水产品总产量跃居世界第一位。这从侧面反映了水产高等教育的发展成果，也为水产高等教育转型提供了前提。2000年前后各几年，随着21世纪海洋世纪的到来以及全球海洋产业的迅速崛起，中国独立建制的水产本科高校先后更名为海洋大学，完成了由单科性水产高校向综合性海洋大学的转型。2012年进入新时代以后，水产高等教育在更加多元的学科背景中逐步走向高质量发展之路。
关键词: 水产高等教育；海洋高等教育；水产业；海洋经济；转型
作者介绍：宁波，通讯作者，上海海洋大学档案馆（校史馆、博物馆）馆长、海洋文化研究中心副主任、经济管理学院硕士研究生导师，副研究员，农学硕士，研究方向：海洋高等教育、渔文化与海洋文化研究，电邮：bning@shou.edu.cn；郭新丽，上海海洋大学海洋科学学院，助理研究员，研究方向：高等教育管理，电邮：xlguo@shou.edu.cn。
Title: Construction and Development of Fisheries Higher Education in New China
Abstract: After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the new Chinese government attached great importance to fisheries higher education. It successively established several fisheries universities, such as Shanghai Fisheries College, Zhoushan Fisheries College, Dalian Fisheries College, and Zhanjiang Fisheries College, as the mainstay of the fisheries higher education system, with comprehensive universities, marine universities, agricultural universities, research institutes, and other institutions jointly participating. In the 1950s and 1960s, Shanghai Fisheries College and Shandong Ocean College learned from the experience of Soviet fisheries higher education and gradually established a relatively complete fisheries higher education system, laying the foundation for fisheries higher education of China. From 1949 to 1989, after 40 years of efforts in China's fisheries industry, China's total aquatic product output ranked first in the world. This reflects the development achievements of fisheries higher education and provides a prerequisite for its transformation. Around 2000, with the arrival of the 21st century, the marine century, and the rapid rise of the global marine industry, China's fisheries universities were renamed as ocean universities, completing the transformation from single-subject fisheries universities to comprehensive ocean universities. After entering the new era in 2012, fisheries higher education gradually embarked on the path of high-quality development with a more diversified disciplinary background.
Keywords: fisheries higher education; marine higher education; fisheries industry; marine industry; transfomation
Author Biographies: Ning Bo, corresponding author, Director of the Archives (School History Museum, Museum) of Shanghai Ocean University, Deputy Director of the Marine Culture Research Center, Master's Supervisor at the School of Economics and Management, Associate Researcher, Master of Agriculture, research directions: marine higher education, fishing culture and marine culture research, E-mail: bning@shou.edu.cn; Guo Xinli, School of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Assistant Researcher. Research direction: higher education management, E-mail: xlguo@shou.edu.cn.
Received:19 Mar 2026/Revised:25 Mar 2026/Accepted:9 Apr 2026/Published Online:30 Apr 2026/Print Published:1 May 2026
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