Marine Education Studies
MES, Vol. 1, No. 2, 2025, pp.25-42.
Print ISSN: 3078-316X; Online ISSN: 3104-5057
Journal homepage: https://www.hyjyyj.com
DOI: Https://doi.org/10.64058/MES.25.2.03
马仁锋（Ma Renfeng）, 朱宇翔（Zhu Yuxiang）, 张 悦（Zhang Yue）
摘要：人类日常生活与地图、海洋的关系日益密切，习得地图与海洋的基本素养是人类适应现代生活的必然要求。本文简述了地图的要素及其在海洋通道具体地理事物上的表达，进而以中国明朝郑和下西洋相关案例，阐释了服务于海上丝绸之路的地理国情教育要点：一是航海活动本质是跨文明的地理认知过程，二是海洋通道安全依赖于对海洋地理及区别国别态势的深刻掌握，三是海陆联动发展需要全民高水平的地理素养支撑。为此，应构建面向未来的学校海洋教育和社会海洋教育体系，重点提升：一是锚定地理空间认知，跨学科推进基础教育相关课程改革；二是充分挖掘各类公共场馆资源，推进社会海洋教育的全民参与，尤应赋能各类文博场馆，系统提升地理国情教育的“海权意识—陆海统筹生态保护—国际海洋合作”三位一体的全球地理国情教育。
关键词：海洋通道；地图学要素；岛海综合体；海洋社会教育；学校海洋地理教育
作者介绍：马仁锋，通讯作者，宁波大学地理与空间信息技术系教授、宁波大学东海研究院研究员，博士、博导，研究方向：陆海国土空间统筹治理、海洋地理教育学。电邮:marfxf@126.com。朱宇翔，宁波大学地理与空间信息技术系研究生，研究方向：海洋地理与海洋空间规划研究。电邮:994534840@qq.com。张悦，硕士，宁波市咸祥中学地理教师。研究方向：中学地理教学与海洋研学旅行研究。电邮:359936634@qq.com。
Title: Geographical Education Approaches for Cognition of the Marine Passage “Ancient Map”
Abstract: Human daily life is increasingly tied to maps and the ocean, demanding basic literacy in both. This article outlines map elements and their depiction of ocean-related geographical features, then uses Zheng He’s Ming-dynasty voyages to illustrate three key points for Maritime Silk Road geographical education: First, navigation is inherently a cross-cultural geographical cognition process. Second, Ocean passage safety relies on deep knowledge of marine geography and national contexts. Finally, land - sea integration needs widespread high-level geographical literacy. Therefor a future-oriented school and social ocean education system should be constructed, with the focus on the following improvements: First of all, anchor geographical spatial cognition and promote thereform of relevant basic education courses across disciplines; second, fully explore the resources of various public venues to promote the participation of the whole people in social ocean education. In particular, all kinds of cultural and museum venues should be empowered to systematically enhance the global geographical national conditions education that combines “awareness of sea power- coordinated ecological protection of land and sea - international ocean cooperation” in a trinity.
Keywords: marine passage; cartographic elements; island - sea complex; marine social education; marine geography education of school
Author Biography: Ma Renfeng, corresponding author, Professor at the Department of Geography and Spatial Information Technology, Ningbo University; Researcher at the Donghai Research Institute, Ningbo University. Ph.D., Doctoral Supervisor. Research Interests: Integrated governance of land and marine territorial spaces, Marine Geography Education. E-mail: marfxf@126.com. Zhu Yuxiang, Master’s candidate, Department of Geography and Spatial Information Technology, Ningbo University. Research Interests: Marine Geography and Marine Spatial Planning. E-mail: 994534840@qq.com. Zhang Yue, Master’ s candidate, Geography Teacher, Xianxiang Middle School, Ningbo. Research Interests: Secondary School Geography Teaching and Marine Study Travel Research. E-mail: 359936634@qq.com
Received: 09 Aug/ Revised: 11 Oct 2025 / Accepted: 10 Nov 2025 / Published online: 01 Dec 2025 / Print published: 05 December 2025
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